A bat and a ball cost $1.10 in total. The bat costs $1.00 more than the ball. How much does the ball cost?
It isn’t 10 cents.
If you slow down you realize the bat is $1 MORE than the ball, so if the ball is 10 cents the bat would have to be $1.10. The total cost for both would then be $1.20. The correct answer is 5 cents.
x+1=1.10 is wrong. x+(x+1)=1.10 is correct
Researched, then popularized by Daniel Kahneman, fast thinking (system 1) is our default reaction, while it takes effort to engage in deeper, slow thinking (system 2).
Applied to education, the goal is to create habitual doubt in fast thinking and overcome the slightly painful transition into deeper consideration. Thus, artificial intelligence in education will have the inverse goal of speedy answers: it must challenge us to become comfortable slowing down.